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MAC OS X 10.9.5系统里已经自带了 apache 和 php ,只是默认没有启用,我们将他们启用即可。
APACHE的默认版本是 Apache/2.2.26 (Unix),php版本是PHP 5.4.30。
由于调试程序需要,我需要同时安装低版本的php5.3,但是又不希望删除系统预装的php 5.4,或升级/降级系统的php5.4,那么怎么办呢?这个时候,就可以通过brew的方式安装新的php版本。
第一步,先安装 brew
Brew 是 Mac 下面的包管理工具,通过 Github 托管适合 Mac 的编译配置以及 Patch,可以方便的安装开发工具。 Mac 自带ruby 所以安装起来很方便,同时它也会自动把git也给你装上。官方网站:
在mac下终端里直接输入命令行:
ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
安装完成之后,建议执行一下自检:brew doctor 如果看到Your system is ready to brew. 那么你的brew已经可以开始使用了。
常用命令: (所有软件以PHP5.5为例子)
brew update #更新brew可安装包,建议每次执行一下
brew search php55 #搜索php5.5brew tap josegonzalez/php #安装扩展<gihhub_user/repo> brew tap #查看安装的扩展列表brew install php55 #安装php5.5brew remove php55 #卸载php5.5brew upgrade php55 #升级php5.5brew options php55 #查看php5.5安装选项brew info php55 #查看php5.5相关信息brew home php55 #访问php5.5官方网站brew services list #查看系统通过 brew 安装的服务brew services cleanup #清除已卸载无用的启动配置文件brew services restart php55 #重启php-fpm 第二步,安装PHP
先添加brew的PHP扩展库:
brew update
brew tap homebrew/dupesbrew tap homebrew/phpbrew tap josegonzalez/homebrew-php 可以使用 brew options php53 命令来查看安装php5.3的选项,这里我用下面的选项安装:
brew install php53 --with-apache --with-gmp --with-imap --with-tidy --with-debug
请注意:如果你希望以mac下的apache作为web server,编译时要加 --with-apache;如果你的web server 是 nginx这类,就需要加上 --with-fpm。
Options
--disable-opcacheBuild without Opcache extension--disable-zend-multibyteDisable auto-detection of Unicode encoded scripts--homebrew-apxsBuild against apxs in Homebrew prefix--with-apacheEnable building of shared Apache 2.0 Handler module, overriding any options which disable apache--with-cgiEnable building of the CGI executable (implies --without-apache)--with-debugCompile with debugging symbols--with-fpmEnable building of the fpm SAPI executable (implies --without-apache)--with-gmpBuild with gmp support--with-homebrew-curlInclude Curl support via Homebrew--with-homebrew-libxsltInclude LibXSLT support via Homebrew--with-homebrew-opensslInclude OpenSSL support via Homebrew--with-imapInclude IMAP extension--with-libmysqlInclude (old-style) libmysql support instead of mysqlnd--with-mssqlInclude MSSQL-DB support--with-pdo-ociInclude Oracle databases (requries ORACLE_HOME be set)--with-phpdbgEnable building of the phpdbg SAPI executable (PHP 5.4 and above)--with-postgresqlBuild with postgresql support--with-thread-safetyBuild with thread safety--with-tidyInclude Tidy support--without-bz2Build without bz2 support--without-mysqlRemove MySQL/MariaDB support--without-pcntlBuild without Process Control support--without-pearBuild without PEAR--without-snmpBuild without SNmp support--HEADInstall HEAD versionPHP编译过程中如果遇到 configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h> 错误,执行 xcode-select --install 重新安装一下 Xcode Command Line Tools 即可解决该错误(来源:)。
安装完php后,会有一段提示,请仔细阅读:
Caveats
To enable PHP in Apache add the following to httpd.conf and restart Apache: LoadModule php5_module /usr/local/opt/php53/libexec/apache2/libphp5.soThe php.ini file can be found in:
/usr/local/etc/php/5.3/php.iniPEAR
If PEAR complains about permissions, 'fix' the default PEAR permissions and config:
chmod -R ug+w /usr/local/Cellar/php53/5.3.29/lib/php pear config-set php_ini /usr/local/etc/php/5.3/php.iniExtensions
If you are having issues with custom extension compiling, ensure that
you are using the brew version, by placing /usr/local/bin before /usr/sbin in your PATH:PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"
PHP53 Extensions will always be compiled against this PHP. Please install them
using --without-homebrew-php to enable compiling against system PHP.PHP CLI
If you wish to swap the PHP you use on the command line, you should add the following to ~/.bashrc,
~/.zshrc, ~/.profile or your shell's equivalent configuration file:export PATH="$(brew --prefix homebrew/php/php53)/bin:$PATH"
To have launchd start php53 at login:
ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/php53/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgentsThen to load php53 now: launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php53.plist==> Summary /usr/local/Cellar/php53/5.3.29: 480 files, 31M, built in 12.9 minutes
等待PHP编译完成,开始安装PHP常用扩展,扩展安装过程中 brew会自动安装依赖包,使用 brew search php53- 命令,可以查看还有哪些扩展可以安装,然后执行 brew install php53-XXX 就可以了。
由于Mac自带了php和php-fpm,因此需要添加系统环境变量PATH来替代自带PHP版本:
echo 'export PATH="$(brew --prefix homebrew/php/php53)/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile #for php
echo 'export PATH="$(brew --prefix homebrew/php/php53)/sbin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile #for php-fpmecho 'export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile #for other brew install softsource ~/.bash_profile #更新配置 如何卸载安装的 php5.3呢?
# 卸载
brew uninstall php53 # 清除缓存以及老旧版本文件brew cleanup -s 测试一下效果:
$ php -v
PHP 5.3.29 (cli) (built: Jan 24 2015 12:40:58) (DEBUG)Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP GroupZend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies# mac系统自带的php
$ /usr/bin/php -vPHP 5.4.30 (cli) (built: Jul 29 2014 23:43:29) Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP GroupZend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies with Zend Guard Loader v3.3, Copyright (c) 1998-2013, by Zend Technologies 由于我们没有安装php的fpm模式,所以 php-fpm -v 命令显示的是mac自带的:
$ php-fpm -v
PHP 5.4.30 (fpm-fcgi) (built: Jul 29 2014 23:44:15)Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP GroupZend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies with Zend Guard Loader v3.3, Copyright (c) 1998-2013, by Zend Technologies
这个时候,我们使用 phpinfo 函数显示出来的php版本还是max自带的PHP5.4,需要我们修改 apache的配置文件 httpd.conf,加载的php5模块路径指向刚刚安装的 php5.3目录里的 libphp5.so:
LoadModule php5_module /usr/local/opt/php53/libexec/apache2/libphp5.so
重启apache,phpinfo() 脚本里显示的 php 版本就变成了 PHP Version 5.3.29。
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